Neuropsychological rehabilitation for multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background This is an update of the Cochrane review ‘Neuropsychological rehabilitation for multiple sclerosis’ (first published in The Cochrane Library2011, Issue 11). Cognitive deficits are a common manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and have a significant effect on the patient’s quality of life. Alleviation of the harmful effects caused by these deficits should be […]
Systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Abstract Background Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a surgical procedure performed to maintain nutrition in the short- or long-term. During the procedure, a feeding tube that delivers either a liquid diet, or medication, via a clean or sterile delivery system, is placed surgically through the anterior abdominal wall. Those undergoing PEG tube placement are often […]
Physiotherapy versus placebo or no intervention in Parkinson’s disease
Abstract Background Despite medical therapies and surgical interventions for Parkinson’s disease (PD), patients develop progressive disability. Physiotherapy aims to maximise functional ability and minimise secondary complications through movement rehabilitation within a context of education and support for the whole person. The overall aim is to optimise independence, safety, and well-being, thereby enhancing quality of life. […]
Traction for low-back pain with or without sciatica
Abstract Background Traction has been used to treat low-back pain (LBP), often in combination with other treatments. We included both manual and machine-delivered traction in this review. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 1995, and previously updated in 2006. Objectives To assess the effects of traction compared to placebo, sham […]
Gastrostomy feeding versus oral feeding alone for children with cerebral palsy
Abstract Background Children with cerebral palsy can be significantly disabled in terms of their ability to suck, chew and swallow. This can lead to significant impairment in feeding and, eventually, to undernutrition. It can also result in aspiration of food into the lungs. Length of feeding time may be considerably increased and, instead of being […]
Cognitive rehabilitation for spatial neglect following stroke
Abstract Background Unilateral spatial neglect causes difficulty attending to one side of space. Various rehabilitation interventions have been used but evidence of their benefit is lacking. Objectives To assess whether cognitive rehabilitation improves functional independence, neglect (as measured using standardised assessments), destination on discharge, falls, balance, depression/anxiety and quality of life in stroke patients with […]
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation following botulinum toxin and other focal intramuscular treatment for post-stroke spasticity
Abstract Background Spasticity may affect stroke survivors by contributing to activity limitations, caregiver burden, pain and reduced quality of life (QoL). Spasticity management guidelines recommend multidisciplinary (MD) rehabilitation programmes following botulinum toxin (BoNT) treatment for post-stroke spasticity. However, the evidence base for the effectiveness of MD rehabilitation is unclear. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of MD […]
Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia
Abstract Background Cognitive impairments, particularly memory problems, are a defining feature of the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation are specific interventional approaches designed to address difficulties with memory and other aspects of cognitive functioning. The present review is an update of previous versions of this review. […]
Drug therapy for pain in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Abstract Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease (MND), is the most common neurodegenerative disorder of the motor system in adults. Pain in ALS is a frequent symptom especially in the later stages of disease and can have a pronounced influence on quality of life and suffering. Treatment of pain therefore […]
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for improving function after stroke
Abstract Background It had been assumed that suppressing the undamaged contralesional motor cortex by repetitive low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or increasing the excitability of the damaged hemisphere cortex by high-frequency rTMS will promote function recovery after stroke. Objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of rTMS for improving function in people with stroke. Search […]