Treatment of seizures in multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Epileptic seizures occur in only a minority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but can have serious consequences. The available literature suggests an association of seizures in MS with cortical and subcortical demyelinating lesions, which suggest that seizures in MS are probably most often symptomatic rather that idiopathic. It is currently unknown whether […]
Effectiveness of vocational rehabilitation intervention on the return to work and employment of persons with multiple sclerosis.
Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disease that frequently affects adults of working age, resulting in a range of physical, cognitive and psychosocial deficits that impact on workforce participation. Although, the literature supports vocational rehabilitation (VR) approaches in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), the evidence for its effectiveness is yet to be established. Objectives […]
Recombinant interferon beta or glatiramer acetate for delaying conversion of the first demyelinating event to multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Immunomodulatory drugs have been shown to be only modestly effective in clinically definite relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). It has been hypothesized that their efficacy could be higher if used at the first appearance of symptoms, that is in the clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) suggestive of demyelinating events, a pathology which carries a […]
Corticosteroids for the long-term treatment in multiple sclerosis
bstract Background Short term high dose corticosteroid treatment improves symptoms and short term disability after an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS) but it is unknown whether its long-term use can reduce the accumulation of disability. Objectives To determine the efficacy and safety of long-term corticosteroid use in MS. Search methods We searched The Cochrane […]
Azathioprine for multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Azathioprine is the most widely used immunosuppressive treatment in multiple sclerosis (MS). It is an alternative to interferon beta for treating MS also because it is less expensive. Concerns about its safety, mainly a possible increased risk of malignancy, has limited its use. Objectives To compare azathioprine versus placebo. To determine the effect […]
Methotrexate for multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Methotrexate is a potent immunosuppressant which in theory could reduce relapse rates and delay disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). Subsequently, clinical trials of methotrexate have been conducted in people with MS. Objectives To identify and summarise the evidence that methotrexate is beneficial and safe for people with MS. Search methods We searched […]
Interferon in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Recombinant interferons have been shown to suppress both the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of disease activity in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Objectives The objective of this review was to assess the effects of recombinant interferons in adults with RRMS. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Multiple Sclerosis […]
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for adults with multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Multidisciplinary (MD) rehabilitation is an important component of symptomatic and supportive treatment for Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but evidence base for its effectiveness is yet to be established. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of organized MD rehabilitation in adults with MS. To explore rehabilitation approaches that are effective in different settings and the outcomes […]
Cyclophosphamide for multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis is a presumed cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Cyclophosphamide (CFX) is a cytotoxic and immunosuppressive agent, used in systemic autoimmune diseases. Controversial results have been reported on its efficacy in MS. We conducted a systematic review of all relevant trials, evaluating the efficacy of CFX in patients with […]
Amantadine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The effective management of fatigue has an important impact on the patient’s functioning, abilities, and quality of life. Although a number of strategies have been devised for reducing fatigue, treatment recommendations are based on a limited amount […]