Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the prevention of dementia
Abstract Background Dementia is a worldwide concern. Its global prevalence is increasing. At present, there is no medication licensed to prevent or delay the onset of dementia. Inflammation has been suggested as a key factor in dementia pathogenesis. Therefore, medications with anti‐inflammatory properties could be beneficial for dementia prevention. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and […]
Simulated presence therapy for dementia
Abstract Background Dementia is a common and serious neuropsychiatric syndrome, characterised by progressive cognitive and functional decline. The majority of people with dementia develop behavioural disturbances, also known as behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Several non‐pharmacological interventions have been evaluated to treat BPSD in people with dementia. Simulated presence therapy (SPT), an intervention […]
Structural magnetic resonance imaging for the early diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease in people with mild cognitive impairment
Abstract Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s disease is the symptomatic predementia phase of Alzheimer’s disease dementia, characterised by cognitive and functional impairment not severe enough to fulfil the criteria for dementia. In clinical samples, people with amnestic MCI are at high risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease dementia, with annual rates of progression […]
Computerised cognitive training for 12 or more weeks for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late lifemaintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life
Abstract Background Increasing age is associated with a natural decline in cognitive function and is the greatest risk factor for dementia. Cognitive decline and dementia are significant threats to independence and quality of life in older adults. Therefore, identifying interventions that help to maintain cognitive function in older adults or that reduce the risk of […]
Cognitive training interventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease
Abstract Plain language summary Cognitive training interventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease Review question We wanted to know whether cognitive training interventions are effective in improving cognition (thinking) in people with Parkinson’s disease dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Background Approximately 60% to 80% of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) develop some […]
Enhanced rehabilitation and care models for adults with dementia following hip fracture surgery
Abstract Background Hip fracture is a major injury that causes significant problems for affected individuals and their family and carers. Over 40% of people with hip fracture have dementia or cognitive impairment. The outcomes of these individuals after surgery are poorer than for those without dementia. It is unclear which care and rehabilitation interventions achieve […]
Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III (ACE‐III) and mini‐ACE for the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment
Abstract Background The number of new cases of dementia is projected to rise significantly over the next decade. Thus, there is a pressing need for accurate tools to detect cognitive impairment in routine clinical practice. The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III (ACE‐III), and the mini‐ACE are brief, bedside cognitive screens that have previously reported good sensitivity […]
Animal-assisted therapy for dementia
Abstract Background Dementia is a chronic condition which progressively affects memory and other cognitive functions, social behaviour, and ability to carry out daily activities. To date, no treatment is clearly effective in preventing progression of the disease, and most treatments are symptomatic, often aiming to improve people’s psychological symptoms or behaviours which are challenging for […]
Cerebrolysin for vascular dementia
Abstract Background Although vascular dementia is the second most common cause of dementia globally, evidence‐based treatments are still lacking. Cerebrolysin is a porcine brain‐derived preparation that is said to have neurotrophic and neuroprotective activity. In many parts of the world Cerebrolysin, given as a series of daily intravenous infusions, is used as a potential intervention […]
Cognitive training for people with mild to moderate dementia
Abstract Background Cognitive impairment, a defining feature of dementia, plays an important role in the compromised functional independence that characterises the condition. Cognitive training (CT) is an approach that uses guided practice on structured tasks with the direct aim of improving or maintaining cognitive abilities. Objectives • To assess effects of CT on cognitive and […]